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Conscientious objectors -- United States -- History -- Sources

 Subject
Subject Source: Library Of Congress Subject Headings

Found in 80 Collections and/or Records:

Alliance for Conscientious Objectors Records

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-DG-088
Abstract The Alliance for Conscientious Objectors (AFCO), based in Seattle (Washington), was founded in 1970 by John Long and Paul Anderson, who served as its national coordinator. It changed its name in 1972 to represent a wider scope of purpose. During this time, conscientious objectors who performed two years of alternate service, the same period as those drafted into the military served, were not entitled to Veterans Administration benefits under the GI Bill of Rights. By 1974 AFCO had reached a...
Dates: 1970-1974
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

American Friends Service Committee: Civilian Public Service / Prison Service Committee Records

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-DG-002
Abstract Organized to provide alternative service for conscientious objectors, who were assigned "work of national importance under civilian direction; the historic peace churches (Church of the Brethren, Religious Society of Friends and the Mennonite Church) band ed together to form the National Service Board for Religious Objectors (NISBRO) which coordinated the civilian public service (CPS) program; the American Friends Service Committee administered seventeen CPS camps and over thirty special...
Dates: 1940-1947
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

American Friends Service Committee Collected Records

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-CDG-A-American Friends Service Committee
Abstract

The American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) was set up in June 1917 as an outgrowth of and coordination point for the anti-war and relief activities of various bodies of the Religious Society of Friends in the United States.

Dates: 1917-
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

American Union Against Militarism Records

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-DG-004
Abstract In 1915 a group of New York pacifists and near-pacifists organized the "Anti-militarism Committee" to combat the war spirit of the time. Activities included lobbying, publishing, a lecture campaign, and the establishment of a Civil Liberties Bureau. The most notable achievements were the work in the successful effort to avert war with Mexico in 1916 and the encouragement of opposition to peacetime conscription following World War I. The office was raided by the government and American Union...
Dates: 1915 - 1922
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

Bent Andresen Collected Papers

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-CDG-A-Andreson, Bent
Abstract

Bent Andresen registered as a conscientious objector (CO) during World War Two and was sent to a Civilian Public Service in 1944. Andresen participated in a guinea pig project in which he and several other COs lived in a refrigerated room for three months to test the impact of a high-protein diet on cold-weather conditions. He went AWOL in 1945 and was sentenced to two years in prison. Andreson was involved in various peace and justice groups throughout his lifetime.

Dates: 1928-1991
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

Bennett W. Andrews and Florence N. Andrews Papers

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-DG-209
Abstract

Bennett Andrews was an absolutist conscientious objector during World War II. He served a five year sentence Danbury Prison, a federal penitentiary, in Connecticut. There he worked in a number of positions in the prison. Bennett Andrews was released from prison on July 11, 1946 and received amnesty from President Truman in 1947. Florence Andrews (born in 1913) married Bennett on July 22, 1938. She was also a strong pacifist, who fully supported her husband's C.O. stance.

Dates: 1940-1950, 1979-1980
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

Association of Catholic Conscientious Objectors Collected Records

 Collection — Othertype CDG-A
Identifier: SCPC-CDG-A-Association of Catholic Conscientious Objectors
Scope and Contents

Materials include releases and leaflets.

Dates: 1940-1946
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

Harold Barton Collected Papers

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-CDG-A-Barton, Harold
Abstract In the early 1940s National Mental Health Foundation originated in 1944-1945 when Harold Barton and three associates, serving at Byberry State Hospital in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania), announced plans for a national campaign to improve the conditions in mental hospitals. The exposure of these conditions through the efforts of men serving in CPS, and their efforts to be a nonviolent presence in mental institutions, began a new movement in mental health care in the U.S. The National Mental...
Dates: Majority of material found within 1944-1949
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

John Beer Collected Papers

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-CDG-A-Beer, John
Scope and Contents Collection includes correspondence and notes about Beer's work for peace and social justice including: a typescript account of conscientious objector David Emerson's hearing in 1954 in Danville, Illinois; peace involvements in Delaware, 1960s-1980s, including opposition to the Vietnam War and to nuclear weapons; accounts of Western Quarterly Friends (Quakers) visits to the Pentagon to protest the arms race, 1979-1981, including correspondence with Brig. General Richard T. Boverie; opposition...
Dates: Majority of material found within 1954-1985
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection

Raymond Binford and Helen Binford Collected Papers

 Collection
Identifier: SCPC-CDG-A-Binford, Raymond and Helen
Abstract

Raymond Binford served as President of Guilford College, High Point, North Carolina, for 16 years before taking a leave of absence to become the director of Civilian Public Service Camp #19 (Buck Creek Camp, Marion, North Carolina) during World War II.

Dates: 1941-1946
Found in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection
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Bryn Mawr College Special Collections
Haverford College Quaker & Special Collections